{"id":6843,"date":"2010-12-13T07:51:26","date_gmt":"2010-12-13T04:51:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/?p=6843"},"modified":"2010-12-13T08:07:45","modified_gmt":"2010-12-13T05:07:45","slug":"kas-izdomaja-ziemassvetkus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/?p=6843","title":{"rendered":"Kas izdom\u0101ja Ziemassv\u0113tkus?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"2008.11.26
\nGr\u016bti notic\u0113t, bet egl\u012bte ne vienm\u0113r bijusi Ziemassv\u0113tku rota, savuk\u0101rt pipark\u016bkas izmantotas k\u0101 tabletes pret da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m kait\u0113m. Ejam mekl\u0113t sv\u0113tkus!<\/em><\/p>\n

St\u0101stu s\u0101ksim ar Sv\u0113to Nikl\u0101vu, Pj\u0113ru Noelu, Santa Klausu, Krisu Krinkli, T\u0113ti Mikula\u0161u, Salaveci, Ziemassv\u0113tku vec\u012bti. Vi\u0146us sauc tik da\u017e\u0101di, bet uzdevums visiem viens \u2014 par\u016bp\u0113ties par d\u0101van\u0101m b\u0113rniem un pieaugu\u0161ajiem. Kur\u0161 izdom\u0101ja v\u012bri\u0146u sarkanaj\u0101 m\u0113tel\u012b ar garo b\u0101rdu?<\/p>\n

K\u0101 radies Ziemassv\u0113tku vec\u012btis<\/strong>
\nPar Ziemassv\u0113tku vec\u012b\u0161a prototipu tiek uzskat\u012bts Sv\u0113tais Nikolass jeb Mirras b\u012bskaps, kur\u0161 dz\u012bvoja 4. gs. m\u016bsdienu Turcijas teritorij\u0101. Vi\u0146\u0161 bija labsird\u012bgs un d\u0101sns v\u012brs. Nost\u0101sti par vi\u0146a labajiem darbiem tika daudzin\u0101ti tuvu un t\u0101lu. Te vi\u0146\u0161 nabadz\u012bgam b\u0113rnam zem gultas nolika apavu p\u0101ri, te izsalku\u0161am ubagam paslepus som\u0101 ieb\u0101za siltu maizes kukuli.<\/p>\n

Skatoties filmas, esi paman\u012bjis, ka reiz\u0113m Ziemassv\u0113tku vec\u012btis ierodas visai savdab\u012bg\u0101 veid\u0101 \u2014 pa skursteni. Ar\u012b par \u0161o trad\u012bciju j\u0101pateicas Nikolasam. Reiz neilgi pirms Ziemassv\u0113tkiem vi\u0146\u0161 apmekl\u0113jis tr\u012bs nabadz\u012bgas m\u0101sas, kuras nevar\u0113ja at\u013cauties apprec\u0113ties. Pirm\u0101s divas naktis vi\u0146\u0161 to m\u0101j\u0101s atst\u0101jis p\u016bra naudu div\u0101m m\u0101s\u0101m, bet tre\u0161aj\u0101 nakt\u012b durvis biju\u0161as sl\u0113gtas. Nikolass veicis akrob\u0101ta cien\u012bgu triku \u2014 uzr\u0101pies uz jumta un tre\u0161ajai m\u0101sai dom\u0101to naudu iesviedis pa skursteni.<\/p>\n

K\u0101du tu parasti z\u012bm\u0113 Ziemassv\u0113tku vec\u012bti? Amerik\u0101\u0146u m\u0101kslinieks Tomass Nasts 1863. gad\u0101 av\u012bzes v\u0101kam uzz\u012bm\u0113ja v\u012bru ar baltu b\u0101rdu un d\u0101vanu maisu. V\u0113l\u0101k \u0161o vi\u0146a aizkustino\u0161o z\u012bm\u0113jumu rekl\u0101mas industrija padar\u012bja slavenu un atpaz\u012bstamu. V\u012brs ar balto b\u0101rdu bija visur \u2014 uz atkl\u0101tn\u0113m, veikalu skatlogos un dz\u0113rienu plak\u0101tos.<\/p>\n

Ak, egl\u012bte, ak, egl\u012bte!<\/strong>
\nLatvie\u0161iem pat\u012bk dom\u0101t, ka Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012btes trad\u012bcija aizs\u0101kusies tie\u0161i R\u012bg\u0101. J\u0101uzslav\u0113 m\u016bsu pils\u0113tas r\u0101tskungi, kuri t\u0101laj\u0101 1510. gad\u0101 rakstos min\u0113ja R\u0101tslaukum\u0101 uzst\u0101d\u012bto sv\u0113tku egl\u012bti, nodro\u0161inot, ka R\u012bga tiek uzskat\u012bta par Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012btes dzim\u0161anas vietu. Egle tolaik tikusi rot\u0101ta ar pap\u012bra pu\u0137\u0113m. Agr\u0101k egl\u012btes m\u0101j\u0101s neviens nenesa \u2014 visi pulc\u0113j\u0101s ap centr\u0101lo pils\u0113tas egli.<\/p>\n

Paties\u012bb\u0101 pirmie Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012btes rot\u0101ju\u0161i v\u0101cie\u0161i. Vi\u0146i gan \u0161o faktu nav iegr\u0101matoju\u0161i. \u0160ur tur 16. gs. hronik\u0101s pazib raksti par \u012bpa\u0161u amatu \u2014 pils\u0113tas egles sarg\u0101t\u0101ju. To ie\u0146emt var\u0113ja k\u0101ds no pils\u0113tniekiem, kur\u0161 visu gadu sevi bija pier\u0101d\u012bjis k\u0101 cien\u012bjamu v\u012bru. Vi\u0146a uzdevums bija uzman\u012bt, lai viet\u0113jie su\u0146i neap\u0113stu pipark\u016bkas vai mazie pils\u0113tnieki neaiznestu egles rotas m\u0101j\u0101s.<\/p>\n

Jau izsenis Ziemassv\u0113tkos pie egles izsp\u0113l\u0113tas B\u012bbeles ainas, kur darboj\u0101s pirmie cilv\u0113ki \u2014 Ieva un \u0100dams. Egl\u0113 tika k\u0101rti gr\u0113ka \u0101boli, ar ko \u010d\u016bska k\u0101rdin\u0101ja Ievu. Tagad tos nomain\u012bju\u0161i spo\u017ei, apa\u013ci bumbu\u013ci. L\u012bdz\u0101s tiem egl\u012bti grezno ar\u012b ar svec\u012bt\u0113m. Bet pirm\u0101 ielikt egl\u012bt\u0113 svec\u012btes iedom\u0101j\u0101s Brandenburgas princese un Brigas hercogiene Doroteja Sibilla 1611. gad\u0101.<\/p>\n

Piparrau\u0161i z\u0101\u013cu viet\u0101<\/strong>
\nPirm\u0101s liec\u012bbas par medus un gar\u0161vielu k\u016bk\u0101m atrodamas jau senaj\u0101 \u0112\u0123ipt\u0113. Tiesa, \u0113\u0123iptie\u0161iem t\u0101di Ziemassv\u0113tki pat sap\u0146os ner\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s, vi\u0146iem vienk\u0101r\u0161i gar\u0161oja saldumi. Ta\u010du pipark\u016bkas, ko paz\u012bstam m\u0113s, jau 14. gs. Nirnbergas v\u012brie\u0161u kloster\u012b rad\u012bja m\u016bki, jo vi\u0146iem bija pieejamas no \u0101rzem\u0113m atvest\u0101s gar\u0161vielas.<\/p>\n

Dr\u012bz vien pipark\u016bku bizness V\u0101cij\u0101 g\u0101ja pla\u0161um\u0101. Bijis pat speci\u0101ls amats \u2014 pipark\u016bku cep\u0113js, ko apliecina 1370. gad\u0101 veiktais ieraksts Minhenes pils\u0113tas nodok\u013cu atskait\u0113s. \u0160iem cep\u0113jiem bija ar\u012b savas cunftes. Ne katrs dr\u012bkst\u0113ja saukties par pipark\u016bku meistaru. Katrai V\u0101cijas pils\u0113tai bija tikai tai rakstur\u012bgas pipark\u016bkas. Visi zin\u0101ja, ka pipark\u016bkas ar suk\u0101d\u0113m un mandel\u0113m n\u0101k no Nirnbergas, bet t\u0101s, kas p\u0101rkl\u0101tas ar kr\u0101sainu cukuru, \u2014 no Minhenes. Starp citu, sen\u0101k pipark\u016bk\u0101m pied\u0113v\u0113ja dziedino\u0161as sp\u0113jas un t\u0101s k\u0101 tabletes izrakst\u012bja slimniekiem gan pret saaukst\u0113\u0161anos, gan gr\u016btsird\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

D\u0101vanu bums<\/strong>
\nTrad\u012bcija vienam otru apd\u0101vin\u0101t tie\u0161i Ziemassv\u0113tkos n\u0101k no kristiet\u012bbas. Ziemassv\u0113tkos piedzima mazs z\u0113ns, ko nosauca par J\u0113zu Kristu, un vi\u0146a dzim\u0161anai par godu tr\u012bs Austrumu Gudrie nesa d\u0101vanas. Apd\u0101vin\u0101\u0161ana Ziemassv\u0113tkos saist\u012bta ar \u0161\u012b notikuma godin\u0101\u0161anu.<\/p>\n

Tiek uzskat\u012bts, ka liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca valstu Sv. Nikolasa 4. gs. iedibin\u0101taj\u0101m apd\u0101vin\u0101\u0161anas trad\u012bcij\u0101m pievienoj\u0101s ap 10. gs. Toreiz popul\u0101r\u0101k\u0101s d\u0101vanas bija m\u0101j\u0101s gatavotas rota\u013clietas un gardumi. Cie\u0146\u0101 bija \u012bpa\u0161as d\u0101vanas, piem\u0113ram, apels\u012bni. Laik\u0101, kad s\u0101ka darbu pirm\u0101s fabrikas, pa\u0161u gatavot\u0101s lietas nomain\u012bja r\u016bpn\u012bc\u0101s ra\u017eot\u0101s.<\/p>\n

(Vair\u0101k lasi \u017eurn\u0101la \u201eIlustr\u0113t\u0101 Junioriem\u201d decembra numur\u0101!)<\/p>\n

Foto: V.Kor\u0101lis<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gr\u016bti notic\u0113t, bet egl\u012bte ne vienm\u0113r bijusi Ziemassv\u0113tku rota, savuk\u0101rt pipark\u016bkas izmantotas k\u0101 tabletes pret da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m kait\u0113m. Ejam mekl\u0113t sv\u0113tkus! St\u0101stu s\u0101ksim ar Sv\u0113to Nikl\u0101vu, Pj\u0113ru Noelu, Santa Klausu, Krisu Krinkli, T\u0113ti Mikula\u0161u, Salaveci, Ziemassv\u0113tku vec\u012bti. Vi\u0146us sauc tik da\u017e\u0101di, … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"spay_email":""},"categories":[1,13,8,14],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6843"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6843"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6843\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6844,"href":"https:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6843\/revisions\/6844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6843"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6843"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ticu.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6843"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}